The aim of the study was to assess the effect of feed formulations containing cholesterol on the ad- aptation of young trepang to adjustable tempera- ture conditions during breeding in controlled tem- perature conditions. The composition of the feed included dried kelp, fish meal, soybean meal, ground shells of bivalves and freeze-dried entrails of sea cucumber. As biologically active component, cholesterol in the amount of 20 g and 40 g per 1 kg of feed weight was added to feed formulations. Basic formula of the feed without cholesterol was used as the control. The duration of experimental cultivation was from June to September and lasted 101 days. Daily assessment of temperature and salinity of water was carried out. The efficiency of feed was judged from trepang’s weight gain. During the experiment, the mass of trepang juveniles re- ceiving experimental feed with different dosages of cholesterol increased 4.4-5.3 times. Trepang’s sur- vival rate in all experimental groups practically did not differ and was 76.7-80.0 %. The growth of mass accumulation during the entire experiment did not have linear dependence. The increase in themass of experimental animals was observed from June to AugustSubsequent decrease of trepang juveniles’ mass in August in experimental groups was from 22.5 to 38.2 % .It was established that the decrease in water salinity was accompanied by the decrease in feed consumption and the decrease in the growth of fry weight. Feeding experimental feed to trepang fry resulted in 1.5-1.8 times increasing the content of water-soluble proteins in tissues. The greatest effect on increasing the concentration of soluble protein had the feed with high cholesterol content. The use of experimental formulations with cholesterol increased the content of hexosamines 7.5-11 times. Performed study shows the pro- spects of using cholesterol in the formulations of feed for trepang.
mariculture, trepang, cholesterol, protein, hexosamines
1. Liao Y.L. The aspidochirote holothurians of China witherection of a new genus in echino- derms: present and past // In:Proc European Colloquium on Echinoderm. A.A. Balkema. - Rotterdam, 1980. - P. 115-1202
2. Sloan N.A. Echinoderm fisheries of the world: a review.Echinodermata // In: Proc 5th Int Echinoderm Conference. A.A. Balkema. - Rot- terdam, 1984. - P. 109-124
3. Chen J.X. Present status and prospects of sea cucumberindustry in China // In: Food and Ag- riculture Organization (ed)Advances in sea cucumber aquaculture and management // Food and Agriculture Organization. - Rome, 2004. - P. 25-38.
4. Conand C., Byrne M. A review of recent de- velopments in the world sea cucumber fisheries // Mar. Fish. Rev. - 1993. - № 55. - P. 1-136
5. Battaglene S.C., Seymour J.E. Detachment and grading of the tropical sea cucumber sandfish, Holothuria scabra, juveniles from settlement substrates // Aquaculture. - 1998. - V. 159. - P. 263-2747
6. Battaglene S.C. Culture of tropical sea cu- cumbers for the purposes of stock restoration and enhancement // Naga Iclarm. - 2000. - V. 22. - P. 4-118
7. Conand C. Present status of world sea cu- cumber resources and utilization: an interna- tional overview. In: Food and Agri-culture Organ- ization (ed) Advances in sea cucumber aquacultureand management // Food and Agri- culture Organization. - Rome, 2004. - P. 13-23
8. Yuan X.T., Yang H.S., Zhou Y., Mao Y., Zhang T., Liu Y. The influence of diets containing dried bivalve feces and/or powdered algae on growth and energy distribution in sea cucum- ber Apos-tichopus japonicus (Selenka) (Echi- nodermata: Holothuroidea) // Aquaculture. - 2006. - V. 256. - P. 457-467
9. Chen J.X. Overview of sea cucumber farming and sea ranching practices in China // SPC Beche-de-Mer Inf. Bull. - 2003. - V. 18. - P. 18-23
10. Charmantier G. Ontogeny of osmoregulation in crustaceans: a review // Invertebr. Reprot Dev. - 1998. - V. 33. - P. 177-190
11. O’Connor W.A., Lawler N.F. Salinity and tem- perature tolerance of embryos and juveniles of the pearl oyster, Pinctadaimbricata Roding // Aquaculture. - 2004. - V. 229. - P. 493-506
12. Fielder D.S., Bardsley W.J., Allan G.L., Pank- hurst P.M. The effects of salinity and tempera- ture on growth and survival of Australian snapper, Pagrus auratus larvae // Aquaculture. - 2005. - V. 250. - P. 201-214
13. Lowry O., Rosenbrough N., Parr A., Randall R. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol re- agent // J. B1iol. Chem. - 1951. - V. 193. - № 1. - P. 265-276
14. Farmokopeynaya stat'ya № 42-1286-99. - M., 1999
15. Liao M., LiaoT., RenT., Ren W. Optimum Level of Dietary n-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids for Juvenile Sea Cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus // Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. - 2015. - V. 46(6). - P. 642-649.
16. Gu X., Fu H., Sun S., Quiao H. Effects of cho- lesterol on growth, feed utilization, body composition and immune parameters in juvenile oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) // Aquaculture Reseach. - 2017. - V. 48. - P. 4262-4271.
17. Kovalev N.N., Pozdnyakova Yu.M., Leskova S.E. Obosnovanie primeneniya biologicheski aktivnyh komponentov v recepture kormov dal'nevostochnogo trepanga usloviyah iskusstvennogo razvedeniya na predpriyatiyah marikul'tury // Vestnik AGTU. Ser. Rybnoe hozyaystvo. - 2018. - № 1. - S. 90-95.
18. Xi X., Zhao W., Yang M. Combined influence of water temperature, salinity and body size on energy budget in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka // Fisheries Science. - 2013. - V. 79(4). - P. 639-646.
19. Guy Drouin, Himmtlman J.Y., Beland P. Impact of tidal salinity fluctuations on echinoderm and mollusc populations // Canadian Journal of Zoology. - 2011. - V. 63(6). - P. 1377- 1387.
20. Rybakova G.V. Holesterin i ego vliyanie na organizm // Vestnik NGIEI. - 2011. - T. 2. - №. 4 (5). - URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/holesterin-i-ego-vliyanie-na-organizm.pdf.
